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CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION

April 2010 Volume 17 Number 4, pp 565 – 732

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As a registered user of Cell Death & Differentiation, you will be highly
interested in the content published online in Cell Death & Disease.

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Focusing solely on the translational implications of cell death, Cell Death & Disease
keeps with the high standards of Cell Death & Differentiation, offering fast publication
and peer-review by the same renowned editorial team:

-Guido Kroemer
-Gerry Melino
-Pierluigi Nicotera

Register online today at http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=68&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
and access the hottest content from Cell Death & Disease.

———————-
EDITORIAL
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Granzymes in disease: bench to bedside
D J Granville
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

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REVIEWS
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Granzymes and perforin in solid organ transplant rejection
J C Choy
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

The role of perforin and granzymes in diabetes
H E Thomas, J A Trapani and T W H Kay
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Control of granzymes by serpins
D Kaiserman and P I Bird
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Granzymes in age-related cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases
A Hendel, P R Hiebert, W A Boivin, S J Williams and D J Granville
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Perforin deficiency and susceptibility to cancer
A J Brennan, J Chia, J A Trapani and I Voskoboinik
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=88&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=16&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Granzymes in cancer and immunity
S P Cullen, M Brunet and S J Martin
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=14&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Granzyme B cleavage of autoantigens in autoimmunity
E Darrah and A Rosen
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

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ORIGINAL PAPERS
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Monoallelic but not biallelic loss of Dicer1 promotes tumorigenesis in vivo
I Lambertz, D Nittner, P Mestdagh, G Denecker, J Vandesompele, M A Dyer and J-C Marine
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Caspase-mediated inhibition of sphingomyelin synthesis is involved in FasL-triggered cell death
E Lafont, D Milhas, S Carpentier, V Garcia, Z-X Jin, H Umehara, T Okazaki, K Schulze-Osthoff, T Levade, H Benoist and B Segui
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=1&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Cytomegaloviruses inhibit Bak- and Bax-mediated apoptosis with two separate viral proteins
M Cam, W Handke, M Picard-Maureau and W Brune
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) sustains autophagy and limits apoptosis, promoting pancreatic tumor cell survival
R Kang, D Tang, N E Schapiro, K M Livesey, A Farkas, P Loughran, A Bierhaus, M T Lotze and H J Zeh
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

PI3K p110[alpha] and p110[beta] have differential effects on Akt activation and protection against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in myoblasts
R W Matheny and M L Adamo
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Pim-1 controls NF-[kappa]B signalling by stabilizing RelA/p65
K Nihira, Y Ando, T Yamaguchi, Y Kagami, Y Miki and K Yoshida
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

IRF-1 transcriptionally upregulates PUMA, which mediates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in IRF-1-induced apoptosis in cancer cells
J Gao, M Senthil, B Ren, J Yan, Q Xing, J Yu, L Zhang and J H Yim
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=37&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

Studies of the molecular mechanism of caspase-8 activation by solution NMR
N Keller, M G Grutter and O Zerbe
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=56&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=57&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

NF45 functions as an IRES trans-acting factor that is required for translation of cIAP1 during the unfolded protein response
T E Graber, S D Baird, P N Kao, M B Mathews and M Holcik
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

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BOOK REVIEW
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Cell Death
J P Medema, H Walczak, M Hahne and V de Laurenzi
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=34701488&r=MTc2MDI3ODg3MwS2&b=2&j=Njg5ODE2NTAS1&mt=1&rt=0

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Committed to publishing high quality, independently peer-reviewed research
and review material, Cell Death & Disease further defines and shapes the
field of cell death and disease.
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Submit your paper today and be part of this exciting new online journal from NPG.
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Mac Power Users: Workflows with Merlin Mann. http://ping.fm/RuX3X

Mac Power Users: Workflows with Merlin Mann. http://ping.fm/RuX3X

When you really start cooking for yourself, the best part (beyond the actual eating) is amassing a collection of foods you never thought you’d try, much less learn to love. My kitchen is filled with flavor right now, ranging from vinegars, spices, herbs, and oils to starches, baking supplies, and preserves. I couldn’t have imagined this in college, when my pantry consisted of ketchup and five boxes of Kix.

However, there is a dark side to the glorious assembly.

Filling the nooks and crannies of my shelves, between the grand boxes of lasagna noodles and flasks of sesame oil, are a billion little bags of atypical, mostly-used edibles. Currently, they consist of:

• 1/2 cup Arborio rice
• 1/3 cup dried cranberries
• 2 cinnamon sticks
• 3/4 vanilla bean
• 7 vials of food coloring (3 primary, 4 neon)
• 3 half-full jars of honey
• 8 pistachios
• 12 unshelled peanuts
• 1 small jar chocolate sauce (from 2008)
• 1 frozen bag yellow tomato slices
• 6 coffee samples
• 1/2 box superfine sugar
• 2/3 huge bag masa harina
• 4 to 6 drops peppermint extract
• 1 cup evaporated milk
• 1/2 cup fat free sour cream (I can never tell when it goes bad.)
• Red curry paste from before I was born (or thereabouts)
• 1 jar organic tahini, minus 2 tablespoons
• 1 canister Crystal Lite pink lemonade
• More tea than any 15 people need (Note: I don’t drink tea.)
• So many capers. SO. MANY. CAPERS.

The capers, tahini, evaporated milk, and various odds and ends will eventually be turned into a recipe. Other items (and I’m looking at you, chocolate sauce from the beginning of time) will probably suck up space until we move.

Consequently, I love dishes that can eliminate two or three strange elements. Banana Oatmeal Muffins is just such a recipe. Sure, it’s easy, delicious, and makes for an excellent on-the-go breakfast, but you can also throw in just about anything to jazz it up. (Note: except the capers. That would be bad.)

Have a half a bag of oat flour? It goes in here. Two about-to-go-bad bananas? Gone. A few Craisins? Plop ‘em in the bowl. Pistachios, peanuts, honey – even that jar of chocolate sauce wouldn’t be out of place. (Er, maybe.) Your taste buds are your only limits.

So, to end this post, a toast: Here’s to all those little weird things clogging up your cabinets. May they fill your muffins as much as your heart. (Or something.)

~~~
If you like this recipe, you might also dig:

• Blueberry Muffins
• Chai-Spiced Apple Oatmeal Bread
• Grilled Bananas and Chocolate

~~~

Banana Oatmeal Muffins
Makes 12 muffins.
Adapted from Half-Baked Baker.

1 1/4 cup rolled oats (I used Quaker Old-Fashioned – Kris)
1/2 cup fat-free sour cream
1/2 cup skim milk
1 1/2 cups oat flour
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
1/2 teaspoon nutmeg
1/2 teaspoon salt
2 teaspoon baking powder
1 teaspoon baking soda
1/2 cup brown sugar, lightly packed
1/3 cup vegetable oil
2 large ripe bananas, mashed
1 large egg, lightly beaten
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
1/2 cup raisins
1 tablespoon all-purpose flour

NOTE: If you do not have oat flour on hand (which I don’t), simply whirl 2 cups rolled oats in a food processor until they reach a flour-like consistency. This will create about 1 1/2 cups oat flour.

1) Preheat oven to 400°F.

2) In a large bowl, stir oats, sour cream, and milk together until combined. Set aside for 10 minutes.

3) In a medium bowl, whisk together oat flour, cinnamon, nutmeg, salt, baking powder, and baking soda. Set aside.

4) In a small bowl, mix raisins and all-purpose flour. Set aside.

5) To the oat/sour cream mixture, add brown sugar, vegetable oil, bananas, egg, and vanilla extract. Stir to combine. Add oat flour mixture. Stir until just moistened. Add raisins. Stir until incorporated.

6) Spray a 12-cup muffin pan with cooking spray (or use muffin cups). Evenly distribute batter among cups. Bake 18-20 minutes, until muffins are golden brown and they pass the toothpick test. Remove from oven and cool in pan for 5 minutes. Flip muffins out of pan. Enjoy warm or let cool completely.

Approximate Calories, Fat, Fiber, and Price Per Serving
226 calories, 8.3 g fat, 3 g fiber, $0.33

Calculations
NOTE: My oat flour calculations are for food-processed oatmeal, as described in the note above.
1 1/4 cup rolled oats (Quaker Old-Fashioned): 375 calories, 7.5 g fat, 10 g fiber, $0.34
1/2 cup fat-free sour cream: 120 calories, 0 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.89
1/2 cup skim milk: 45 calories, 0.4 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.12
1 1/2 cups oat flour: 600 calories, 12 g fat, 16 g fiber, $0.54
1/2 tsp cinnamon: 3 calories, 0 g fat, 0.6 g fiber, $0.01
1/2 tsp nutmeg: 6 calories, 0.4 g fat, 0.2 g fiber, $0.03
1/2 tsp salt: negligible calories, fat, and fiber, $0.01
2 tsp baking powder: 5 calories, 0 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.07
1 tsp baking soda: negligible calories, fat, and fiber, $0.01
1/2 cup brown sugar, lightly packed: 344 calories, 0 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.29
1/3 cup vegetable oil: 646 calories, 73.1 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.48
2 large ripe bananas, mashed: 242 calories, 0.8 g fat, 7.1 g fiber, $0.46
1 large egg, lightly beaten: 74 calories, 5 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.21
1 teaspoon vanilla extract: 12 calories, 0 g fat, 0 g fiber, $0.05
1/2 cup raisins: 217 calories, 0.4 g fat, 2.7 g fiber, $0.44
1 tablespoon all-purpose flour: 27 calories, 0.1 g fat, 0.2 g fiber, $0.01
TOTAL: 2716 calories, 99.7 g fat, 36.8 g fiber, $3.96
PER SERVING (TOTAL/12): 226 calories, 8.3 g fat, 3 g fiber, $0.33

Sweet potato muffins comin’ up tomorrow! They were super tasty Seriously yum… and I promise to have them posted first thing tomorrow!Hope you all had wonderful weekends!!!

Penguin’s iPad Demonstration Asks: Are Kids Destined to Grow Up With Tablets? http://ping.fm/MuiqE

Penguin’s iPad Demonstration Asks: Are Kids Destined to Grow Up With Tablets? http://ping.fm/MuiqE

The speaker of the New York City Council and the head of the Council’s Public Safety Committee are calling on Police Commissioner Ray Kelly to get rid of his huge, noxious database of completely innocent New Yorkers who are stopped, questioned and often frisked by the police.

The stops themselves are an outrage and a continuing affront to black and Hispanic New Yorkers, who are the ones most frequently singled-out by the police for this public humiliation. But Speaker Christine Quinn and Council Member Peter Vallone Jr., the committee’s chairman, are focusing on the computerized files that the Police Department is keeping on people who are stopped but found to have done nothing at all wrong.

This is not a small problem. The cops are making more than a half-million of these stops every year. A vast majority of the people targeted — close to 90 percent — are completely innocent. They are not arrested. They are not given a summons. After enduring a mortifying public encounter with the police — which frequently requires the targets to sprawl face down on the sidewalk or spread themselves against a wall or over the hood of a car to be searched — they are sent on their way.

What they’ve left behind, however, if they’ve shown their identification to the cops or answered any questions, is a permanent record of the encounter, which is promptly entered into the department’s staggeringly huge computerized files. Why the Police Department should be keeping files on innocent people is a question with no legitimate answer. This is Big Brother in Blue, with Commissioner Kelly collecting more information than J. Edgar Hoover could ever have imagined compiling.

Ms. Quinn and Mr. Vallone believe it should stop. In a letter this week to Commissioner Kelly, they said that his intent to keep a permanent record of all the information gathered during the stops “raises significant privacy right concerns and suggests that these innocent people are more likely to be targeted in future criminal investigations.”

They bluntly urged the commissioner “to end this policy.”

In an interview on Friday, Ms. Quinn told me: “They should stop keeping the database on people who are not charged, who are not summonsed, and people who may be charged and then go through the judicial system and are found not guilty.”

She said the idea that a permanent database would be kept on people who “basically just got asked some questions” by the police is “extraordinary.”

Ms. Quinn does not oppose the tactic of stopping and frisking people, but said, “I have concerns that we have become overly aggressive in our use of it.” She said additional guidelines or regulations are needed. “I wouldn’t eliminate it from the Police Department toolbox,” she said, “but I would like to find a way to better monitor it and limit its use.”

It should be drastically limited. More than 575,000 stops were made last year, a record. But in 504,594 of those stops, the individuals had done absolutely nothing wrong. They had not violated any law but nevertheless were put through the anxiety and humiliation of a public encounter with the police.

From 2004 through 2009, according to Police Department statistics, an astounding 2,798,461 stops were made. In 2,467,150 of those encounters — 88.2 percent — the people were completely innocent of any wrongdoing.

Groups like the Center for Constitutional Rights and the New York Civil Liberties Union are fighting this wholesale mistreatment of innocent New Yorkers by the police. Blacks and Hispanics, and especially those who are young and those who are poor, are disproportionately singled-out for this peculiar form of police harassment. Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Commissioner Kelly and other top leaders in this town would never tolerate this kind of systematic abuse of middle-class or wealthy, white New Yorkers.

The overwhelming majority of the stops yield no law-enforcement benefit whatsoever. An analysis of the stops in the first three quarters of 2009 showed that contraband, which usually means drugs, was found on just 1.6 percent of the blacks who were stopped, 1.5 percent of the Hispanics, and 2.2 percent of the whites (who are stopped far less often than the other groups).

The weapons yield was even lower. Weapons were found on just 1.1 percent of the blacks stopped, 1.4 percent of the Hispanics, and 1.7 percent of the whites.

The reasons given by the cops for deciding which unfortunate New Yorkers will be stopped are beyond bogus. A “furtive movement” is the most popular. Walking down the street in broad daylight qualifies. And then there is always the bulge in the pocket. A cellphone, maybe. Or an iPod.

The truth — and many police officers will tell you this privately — is that the stops are often made first and the justification is dreamed up later.

Source(www.nytimes.com)

If you’re involved in the manufacturing of dietary supplements, you might find this article by Amy Caplette a helpful read, Inside a GMP Inspection.  She recounts her inspection experience and provides some tangible tips that you can follow before you get inspected.

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